Not a host problem. Is the end stop switch maybe defect? M119 should report L/off when not triggered and H/on when triggered. Without this move toward x min will be prevented as you see in homing, except it is only tested during homing. If it is a closing end stop unplugging should make it low. Homing might work the but will crash into the side since no end stop stops it. Or it will detect missing end stop and block firmware.