It is the firmware trimming filenames in this case. Host just takes what it gets. Limits are define din repetier.h
#define MAX_VFAT_ENTRIES (2)
/** Total size of the buffer used to store the long filenames /
#define LONG_FILENAME_LENGTH (13MAX_VFAT_ENTRIES+1)
#define SD_MAX_FOLDER_DEPTH 2
Increase MAX_VFAT_ENTRIES to 3 and you get 39 chars used by firmware along with higher ram usage, which is only an issue for deltas.